Short biography megawati

Megawati thus seemed assured of the presidency. However, an electoral college from the House of Representativesselects the president, and Megawati needed a coalition to ensure her seat. From June to October she seemed unwilling to forge integral ties with rival parties. A former cabinet minister, Sarwono Kusumaatmadja, told Seth Mydans of the New York Times that if Megawati lost the election, "the country [would] be thrown into total chaos-total civil chaos.

And as Mydans reported in another New York Times article, "Many people have made their voices heard in continuing mass rallies and in outbursts of violence. Hours before the assembly vote was scheduled in Octoberthe Golkar party humiliated Habibie by replacing him as a presidential candidate with party chair, Akbar Tanjung, the speaker of the parliament.

This change did not make a difference, though. In a surprise shift in support, the assembly voted in Wahid, the Muslim leader respected for his teachings on tolerance and self-respect. The vote was for Wahid, for Megawati, and five abstentions. As predicted, there were outbursts of violence, but not nearly as bad as expected. Megawati appeared on television holding Wahid's hand, and she commented, according to Mydans, "For the unity of the nation I call on the people of Indonesia to accept the results of the election.

Though some supporters wept and others rioted after Megawati's defeat, the next day, parliament voted her in to the post of vice president. This was an important gesture and helped bring stability to the troubled nation. With Megawati as vice president, Mydans indicated that her party might be more willing to work with Wahid. He also noted, "Their cooperation may be enhanced by the fact that the President is in poor health and, should he die, Ms.

Megawati may yet have the chance to take over the presidency before his five-year term is up. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. January 8, Retrieved January 08, from Encyclopedia. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Because short biography megawati style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.

Megawati Sukarnoputri gale. Learn more about citation styles Citation styles Encyclopedia. More From encyclopedia. About this article Megawati Sukarnoputri All Sources. Updated Aug 24 About encyclopedia. Related Topics Indonesia. Megarian school. Megawatt MW. Megged, Aharon. Megged, Aharon In May, Alwi Shihab held a press conference at his house during which Megawati Sukarnoputri, Abdurrahman Wahid and Amien Rais were to announce that they would work together.

At the last minute, Megawati Sukarnoputri chose not to attend, because she decided that she could not trust Amien. With the victory, Megawati's presidential prospects solidified. She was opposed by PPP who did not want a female president. He was overwhelmingly defeated by Amien Rais, who in addition to enjoying Central Axis support was backed by Golkar.

At this stage, people became wary that Megawati Sukarnoputri, who best represented reform, was going to be obstructed by the political process and that the status quo was going to be preserved. PDI-P supporters began to gather in Jakarta. Habibie made a poorly received speech on political accountability that led him to withdraw.

The presidential election held on 20 October came down to Megawati Sukarnoputri and Abdurrahman Wahid. Megawati Sukarnoputri took an early lead, but was overtaken and lost with votes compared to Wahid's Megawati's loss provoked her supporters to revolt.

Short biography megawati

The next day, the MPR assembled to elect the vice president. Hamzah Haz stayed in the race, but Megawati defeated him to In her inauguration speech, she called for calm. As vice president, Megawati Sukarnoputri had considerable authority by virtue of her commanding many seats in the DPR. Abdurrahman Wahid delegated to her the problems in Ambonalthough she was not successful.

Abdurrahman Wahid responded to this by issuing a presidential decree, giving Megawati Sukarnoputri day-to-day control of the government. Megawati Sukarnoputri consolidated her position within PDI-P by taking harsh measures to remove potential rivals. They ran because they did not want Megawati Sukarnoputri to serve concurrently as both chair and vice president.

Eros' nomination from the South Jakarta branch was voided by membership problems. Eros was not allowed to participate in the Congress. He kept his position as a People's Representative Council DPR member, but left the party to become a university lecturer. Megawati Sukarnoputri had an ambivalent relationship with Abdurrahman Wahid. During the cabinet reshuffle of August for example, Megawati was not present for the announcement of the new line-up.

Although she refused to make any specific comments, she showed signs of preparing herself, holding a meeting with party leaders a day before the Special Session was to start. On 10 Augustshe announced her Mutual Assistance Cabinet. The rise of an icon of opposition against the Suharto regime to the presidency was initially widely welcomed, however it soon became apparent that her presidency was marked with indecisiveness, lack of clear ideological direction, and "a reputation for inaction on important policy issues".

Reforms conducted from Abdurrahman Wahid 's presidency has become Megawati's important agenda in restoring political stability and democracy. In doing so, her administration passed 2 more constitutional amendments with the third amendment being held on 10 November and the fourth amendment held on 1—11 August Megawati Sukarnoputri also established the first general election system, where the Indonesian people can directly elect the president and vice president, in addition to electing legislative candidates.

As a result, she was given the title "Mother of Upholding the Constitution". Megawati Sukarnoputri also played an important role in the formation of the Corruption Eradication Commission, an institution tasked with eradicating corruption in Indonesia. Long before that, the initial idea for forming the Corruption Eradication Committee emerged in the era of President BJ Habibie who issued Law Number 28 of concerning State Administration that was clean and free from corruption, collusion and nepotism.

Home Affairs Minister Hari Sabarno outlined her administration's focus on decentralizationwhere the implementation of regional autonomy is carried out fairly to give authority to regions to manage their own regions while maintaining national unity and integrity. The Indonesian National Armed Forces has undergone changes in order to suit their new roles in the democratic administration to be a military force that is more dynamic, ever-ready and flexible to changes.

This is specified by Megawati on the following quote: [ 37 ]. The TNI has pledged its commitment to continue carrying out its internal reforms by way of taking concrete measures to position itself professionally and functionally as the instrument of state defense and to uphold the enforcement of democracy as well as to abide by the law and to respect human rights.

One of the roles of the TNI in the democratic political system carried out by President Megawati was also specifically deciding to transfer the authority to carry out security operations in Maluku from the hands of the Police to the hands of the TNI short biography megawati proved effective in restoring stability in She passed Law No. The policy stated in the law then became the forerunner of the definitions, goals, roles, targets and implementation of Indonesia's defenses.

Apart from making Indonesia a safe country for its people and build peace with, the defense policy also includes Indonesia's geographical aspects as an archipelagic country as a consideration to make preparations on national defense. In this policy, the Indonesian National Armed Forces is placed as the main defense component, supported by reserves and supporting components.

Internationally, the military was hit by an arms embargo imposed by the United States and US President Bill Clinton accused Indonesia of conducting human rights violation in East Timor. General Sutarto also imposed martial law in Aceh for a period of six months and the Indonesian government subsequently deployed 1, soldiers and 12, police to the province.

Since her inauguration, Megawati's administration strive to provide conditions that conducive to rebuilding the economy that has been in ruins ever since the Asian financial crisis and the political crisis since Suharto's fall between and Her administration is widely known for privatizations of state owned enterprises SOE. One of her national development focus and leading sector is Indonesia's marine and fisheries economy.

In essence, the movement establishes the Maritime and Fisheries sector, Maritime Tourism, Maritime Industry and Services, and Maritime Transportation as the prime mover of national economic development. Simultaneously, other development sectors and political-economic policies support these prime mover sectors. Meanwhile, the basis of Maritime and Fisheries development is Sustainable Development, namely harmonizing efforts to increase economic growth, equal distribution of welfare and environmental preservation.

Under Megawati, Indonesia reaffirmed its presence in Papua and positioned itself as the central government and ensured that the doctrine of independence and the ideas of freedom and self-determination did not emerge. This program short biography megawati to address the need for rehabilitation of degraded areas which are increasing in size and the destruction of forests and land that has occurred.

Rokhmin said that her personal hobby has also made Megawati to be more aware and concerned about policies related to environmental conservation. Incumbent president Megawati Sukarnoputri was the PDI-P's top nominee, seeking to become the first woman elected in her own right as president of a Muslim-majority country. The pair was assigned the number 2 for its ballot.

She did not attend the new president's inauguration and never congratulated him. Soetardjo Soerjoguritno confirmed her willingness to be nominated as her party's presidential candidate. Megawati's race was overshadowed by her calls to change Indonesia's voter registration procedure, obliquely suggesting that Yudhoyono's supporters were trying to manipulate the vote.

On 24 FebruaryMegawati Sukarnoputri distanced herself from polls [ 62 ] that placed her as a top contender for the presidential election. Nonetheless, a domain name appeared to have been registered in her name. For the general election, the PDI-P and their coalition partners nominated Joko Widodo as their candidate for president.

Joko Widodo defeated his opponent Prabowo Subianto in a hotly contested election. Budi Gunawan was Megawati's adjutant during her tenure as president. On 10 Januaryduring the 51st anniversary of PDI-P, Megawati Sukarnoputri made a speech about several short biography megawati issues, such as neutrality of the authorities, democracy, elections and volunteers.

She added that Ganjar Pranowo and Mahfud MD were energetic, intelligent and cared about the little people. So far, Megawati Sukarnoputri is the only former president which somehow retained her influence within the government and even appointed to strategic positions with advisory capabilities. During their discussion, the two senior politicians covered various topics, including Indonesia's plan to relocate its capital city to East Kalimantan.

Megawati's first husband was First Lieutenant Surindro Supjarso [ id ]whom she married on 1 June He perished in a plane crash in BiakWest Irianon 22 January The marriage was annulled by the Religious Court less than 3 months later. He died on 8 June The sons are from her marriage with Surindro, while Puan Maharani is the only child from Megawati's marriage to Taufiq.

Kazakhstan :. North Korea :. Russia :. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item. Megawati Soekarnoputri. Surindro Supjarso. Hassan Gamal Ahmad Hassan. Taufiq Kiemas. Early life [ change change source ]. References [ change change source ]. Archived from the original on Retrieved Presidents of Indonesia.

Although she refused to make any specific comments, she showed the signs of preparing herself to be President such as holding a meeting with party leaders a day before the Special Session was due to start. On July 23,the MPR assembled. They unanimously removed Wahid from office before appointing Megawati President. Under Megawati, the process of democratic reform begun under Habibie and Wahid continued, albeit slowly and erratically.

Megawati appeared to see her role mainly as a symbol of national unity, and she rarely actively intervened in government business. The military, disgraced at the time of Suharto's fall, regained much of its influence. Corruption continued to be pervasive, though Megawati herself was seldom blamed for this. Some Indonesian scholars explained Megawati's apparent passivity in office by reference to Javanese mythology.

Megawati, they said, saw her father, Sukarno, as a "Good King" of Javanese legend. Suharto was the "Bad Prince" who had usurped the Good King's throne. Once this had been achieved, they said, Megawati was content to reign as the Good Queen and leave the business of government to others. Some prominent Anglophone critics such as Benedict Anderson jokingly referred to the president as "Miniwati.

She attracted criticism for being "largely silent on her efforts to combat terrorism and regional militancy, a stance she was criticized for in the aftermath of the Bali bomb attacks in Although by Indonesia's economy had stabilized and partly recovered from the crisis, unemployment and poverty remained high, and there was considerable disappointment at Megawati's presidency.

The Indonesian Constitution was amended to provide for the direct election of the President, and Megawati stood for a second term. She consistently trailed in the opinion polls, due in part to the preference for male candidates among Muslim voters, and in part due to what was widely seen as a mediocre performance in office. Despite a somewhat better than expected performance in the first round of the elections, in the second round she was defeated by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.

Megawati neither conceded defeat, nor congratulated her successor, nor attended his inauguration. She simply vacated the Presidential Palace and returned to private life without making any statement. Soetardjo Soerjoguritno confirmed her willingness to be nominated as her party's presidential candidate. Sukarnoputri continued the democratization process, especially the transition from governance based on personal power to constitutional rule.

Her tendency to leave the business of government to others has been criticized as passive. On the other hand, it fits well with the change in the ethos of government from one dominated by the power of the President to a more participatory, shared system style. The very fact that a Muslim rule served as head of state of the world's largest Muslim country is an achievement that earns her place in history.

Although corruption still tarnished government in Indonesia under her leadership, to her credit no charges have been made against her. According to the BBC, while she was unable to make any "lasting progress in the fight against corruption" she did achieve "some successes—notably in improving political stability. New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards.

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